What is the main purpose of a vulnerability assessment?

The main purpose of a vulnerability assessment is to identify and prioritize security weaknesses within network infrastructure or applications. This process involves systematically scanning and evaluating systems to uncover potential vulnerabilities that could be exploited by attackers. A successful vulnerability assessment provides organizations with a clear understanding of their security posture and helps prioritize remediation efforts based on the severity of the identified risks. This proactive approach enables organizations to mitigate potential threats before they can be exploited, ultimately enhancing overall security.

The other choices focus on specific actions rather than the broader objective of vulnerability assessments. Removing malware, installing patches, and monitoring traffic are important aspects of a comprehensive security strategy, but they fall under reactive or operational measures, rather than the strategic evaluation of vulnerabilities. The primary aim is to preemptively address security weaknesses, paving the way for more effective security management.